Claude Shannon’s information theory was groundbreaking. During the post-war telecommunications boom, his theory ensured that data could be transmitted over long distances without information loss. As a fundamental theory of communication, it can also tell…
I’ve attended a couple of training sessions as a teacher in which the trainer would ask “check for listening” questions. They’d tell us things and then ask a question to someone chosen at random. “Seriously!?”…
Blood glucose homeostasis is a classic concept for teaching about feedback loops that drive stability. But, like all of biology, there are so many new structures and technical terms students may not see the wood…
Surface area to volume ratio is a fundamental concept that keeps appearing throughout biology. It’s best to get it right the first time. Many times, however, students end up memorising ↑SA is good and ↓SA…
Recently, a claim has emerged: if leaders are frustrated with teaching outcomes, the fault isn’t the teacher, but the specific techniques (like turn and talk) they’ve been trained to use. And the proposed solution? Swap…
PowerPoint was a central tool in the community of teachers I was inducted into. Almost everyone I knew used it to develop their lessons (or at least obtain a pre-made one). It was at once…
Around 2012ish, a new movement rode into the UK (school) educational scene. It came with the banner of “evidence-based”, to counter the previous movement. I’m not writing to contend whether the movement was right or…
Stafford Beer, a systems theorist, regularly claimed that a system’s purpose is what it does. There was no point claiming, he thought, that its purpose was what it consistently failed to do. In this post,…
Experimental design is an uncontroversial component of science curricula. It helps students learn methodology, how to spot flaws in arguments, and, partly, how scientists create knowledge. Yet, much of what we teachers see in experimental…
All systems exist in a constant co-adaptation with their environment. The upper secondary sections (KS4) of England’s schools are continually adapting to their communities, the government’s inspection body (e.g. Ofsted), and standardised exams (e.g. GCSEs)….
Two years ago, we began planning the new IB biology syllabus. Now that we’ve completed our first journey through it, it’s time for an update. Below, I’ll discuss the content load, the overall design and…
Sense-making and Cybernetics in Classroom Teaching (2025) Nick Covington and I explored themes on enactive cognitive science, cybernetics, and meaning making, and how they mark a difference from mind-as-computer pedagogies. Knowledge Doesn’t Equal Understanding (2025)…
The nephron is a tricky concept for many students, but it doesn’t have to be. In this post, I explain how I’ve taught it recently, without any slides, to 16-year-olds. See how I introduce stock…
Oxygen dissociation curves are difficult for students. I often find that difficulty comes from trying to visualise the mechanism through a graph. In this post, I’ll show you how I’ve built a model of the…
The role of individual organisms is vital to understanding ecosystem functions. Yet, the organism and how it goes about its life are often left in the background. Abstract energy flows, and nutrient cycles take the…